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Modeling energy utilization in broiler breeders, laying hens and broilers Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Avic.
Sakomura,NK.
The factorial approach has been used to partition the energy requirements into maintenance, growth, and production. The coefficients determined for these purposes can be used to elaborate energy requirement models. These models consider the body weight, weight gain, egg production, and environmental temperature to determine the energy requirements for poultry. Predicting daily energy requirement models can help to establish better and more profitable feeding programs for poultry. Studies were conducted at UNESP-Jaboticabal to determine metabolizable energy (ME) requirement models for broiler breeders, laying hens, and broilers. These models were evaluated in performance trials and provided good adjustments. Therefore, they could be used to establish...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Broilers; Broiler breeders; Energy metabolism; Energy requirement; Factorial approach; Laying hens; Modeling.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2004000100001
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Modeling gallic acid production rate by empirical and statistical analysis BABT
Kar,Bratati; Banerjee,Rintu; Bhattacharyya,Bimal Chandra.
For predicting the rate of enzymatic reaction empirical correlation based on the experimental results obtained under various operating conditions have been developed. Models represent both the activation as well as deactivation conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis and the results have been analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The tannase activity was found maximum at incubation time 5 min, reaction temperature 40ºC, pH 4.0, initial enzyme concentration 0.12 v/v, initial substrate concentration 0.42 mg/ml, ionic strength 0.2 M and under these optimal conditions, the maximum rate of gallic acid production was 33.49 mumoles/ml/min.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Gallic acid; Modeling; Tannase; Caesalpinia digyna.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132000000500010
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Modeling light interception and distribution in mixed canopy of common cocklebur (Xanthium stramarium) in competition with corn Planta Daninha
Vazin,F.; Hassanzadeh,M.; Madani,A.; Nassiri-Mahallati,M.; Nasri,M..
The aim of this study was to model light interception and distribution in the mixed canopy of Common cocklebur (Xanthium stramarium) with corn. An experiment was conducted in factorial arrangement on the basis of randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Gonabad in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 seasons. The factors used in this experiment include corn density of 7.5, 8.5 and 9.5 plants per meter of row and density of Common cocklebur of zero, 2, 4, 6 and 8 plants per meter of row. INTERCOM model was used through replacing parabolic function with triangular function of leaf area density. Vertical distribution of the species' leaf area showed that corn has concentrated the most leaf area in layer of 80 to 100 cm while Common cocklebur has...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Modeling; Competition; Common cocklebur; Corn; Light.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582010000300001
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Modeling Linkages Between Climate Policy and Land Use: An Overview AgEcon
van der Werf, Edwin; Peterson, Sonja.
Agriculture and forestry play an important role in emitting and storing greenhouse gases. For an efficient and cost-effective climate policy it is therefore important to explicitly include land use, land use change, and forestry (LULUCF) in economy-climate models. This paper gives an overview and assessment of existing approaches to include land use, land-use change, and forestry into climate-economy models or to link economy-climate models to land-use models.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Climate Policy; Modeling; Land Use; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q23; Q24; Q25; Q42.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9545
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Modeling of Faecal Contamination in Water from Catchment to Shellfish Growing Area ArchiMer
Bougeard, Morgane; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Perenne, Nicolas; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
During rainstorms, watersheds can introduce large amounts of faecal pollution into the rivers and sea, leading to shellfish contamination. In this study, we assessed Escherichia coli fluxes from a catchment, and their impact on estuarine water quality, using two assembled models. For the catchment, the agro-hydrological model SWAT was implemented integrating land uses, soil, topography, rainfall and other climatic data on Daoulas watershed (France). Initially, the SWAT model was calibrated and validated for river flow rates, and results were found satisfactory. Subsequently, different faecal contamination sources were integrated into the model: point sources (WWTP discharges into rivers) and non-point sources (manure spreading on fields). During rainfall...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modeling; SWAT; MARS; E. coli; Shellfish; Catchment; Estuary.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17748/15270.pdf
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MODELING OF THE KINETICS OF CRYOGENIC FREEZING OF LIMA BEAN SEEDS AS A FUNCTION OF INITIAL WATER CONTENT REA
Luciano,Karina M da F.; Mata,Mario E. R. M. Cavalcanti; Fortes,Mauri; Duarte,Maria E. M..
ABSTRACT Cryopreservation is a technique used to preserve genetic material at ultra-low temperatures in cryogenic germplasm banks. In order to enable the cryopreservation of a seed, it is necessary to study its appropriate freezing temperature and its water content, because seeds reach maximum physiological quality with high water contents, and they tolerate drying when they are orthodox seeds, but they may not tolerate cryopreservation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the influence of initial water content (50 to 10% wet basis) on the kinetic behavior of the lima bean seed at the temperature of −150 °C, in addition to determining changes in its physiological quality (germination and vigor) when cryopreserved (−150 °C) for 30 days...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Phaseolus lunatus; Cryogenic; Modeling; Germplasm bank.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162019000300331
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Modeling on gas hydrate formation conditions in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau permafrost ArchiMer
Lu, Zhen Quan; Sultan, Nabil; Jin, Chun Shuang; Rao, Zhu; Luo, Xu Rong; Wu, Bi Hao; Zhu, You Hai.
Based on field investigated gas geochemistry and predecessors' data such as the permafrost ground temperature, thermal gradients within/below the frozen layer, the modeling on gas hydrate formation conditions is conducted in the Qinghai Tibet plateau permafrost. The modeled results show that the permafrost characteristics generally meet gas hydrate formation conditions in the study area. Gas composition, temperature-related permafrost parameters (e. g. permafrost thickness or its ground temperature and thermal gradients within / below the frozen layer) are the most important factors affecting gas hydrate occurrences, whose variance may cause the heterogeneity of gas hydrate occurrences in the study area. The most probable gas hydrate is the kind of hybrid...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Qinghai Tibet plateau; Modeling; Formation conditions; Gas hydrate; Permafrost.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6230.pdf
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Modeling radiative transfer in tropical rainforest canopies: sensitivity of simulated albedo to canopy architectural and optical parameters Anais da ABC (AABC)
Yanagi,Sílvia N. M.; Costa,Marcos H..
This study evaluates the sensitivity of the surface albedo simulated by the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) to a set of Amazonian tropical rainforest canopy architectural and optical parameters. The parameters tested in this study are the orientation and reflectance of the leaves of upper and lower canopies in the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectral bands. The results are evaluated against albedo measurements taken above the K34 site at the INPA (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia) Cuieiras Biological Reserve. The sensitivity analysis indicates a strong response to the upper canopy leaves orientation (x up) and to the reflectivity in the near-infrared spectral band (rNIR,up), a smaller sensitivity to the reflectivity in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Amazonian Tropical Forest; Albedo; Radiative transfer; Modeling.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652011000400010
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Modeling the Crop Insurance Industry Portfolio Gains and Losses (PowerPoint) AgEcon
Vergara, Oscar; Zuba, Gerhard; Seaquist, Jack.
Powerpoint slide show presenting information about AIR (the first catastrophic modeling company), weather-based yield models, agricultural portfolio loss model, and applications to crop insurance/reinsurance.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Risk; Crop insurance; Reinsurance; Modeling; Agricultural loss; Loss model; Yield model; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43766
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Modeling the Geography of Migratory Pathways and Stopover Habitats for Neotropical Migratory Birds Ecology and Society
Tankersley, Jr., Roger; Tennessee Valley Authority; rdtankersley@tva.gov; Orvis, Kenneth; ; orvis@utk.edu.
Intact migratory routes are critical for the stability of forest-dwelling, neotropical, migratory bird populations, and mortality along migratory pathways may be significant. Yet we know almost nothing about the geography of available stopovers or the possible migratory pathways that connect optimal stopovers. We undertake a spatial analysis of stopover habitat availability and then model potential migratory pathways between optimal stopovers in the eastern United States. Using models of fixed orientation and fixed nightly flight distance between stopovers during spring migration, we explore whether a simple endogenous migratory program is sufficient to ensure successful migration across the modern landscape. Our model runs suggest that the modern...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Conservation; Forest fragmentation; Habitat; Migration; Modeling; Neotropical migratory birds; Stopover ecology.
Ano: 2003
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MODELING THE MICROWAVE DRYING CHARACTERISTICS OF CARROT SLICES CIGR Journal
Nwajinka, Charles Obiora; Okonjo, Emmanuel.
A study of the effects of Microwave drying of carrot slices was carried out. The samples were dried from moisture content of 70.71 to 10.7% (wb). Empirical models were developed for predicting the drying kinetics of the Carrot slices at different microwave powers and slice thicknesses. The drying curves were graphically used to present the relationships between moisture ratio and time of drying. The following fit parameters were obtained using Henderson and Pabis model: coefficient of determination (R²) from 0.8729 to 0.9531, error sum of squares (SSE) ranging from 0.0212 to 0.07875, and root mean square error (RMSE) from 0.05504 to 0.08461.  Fourier model gave a better fit with the following parameters: coefficient of determination (R²) from 0.9991 to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bioresource Engineering; Food and bioprocess Engineerin Carrot; Microwave; Modeling; Drying Characteristics; Moisture Diffusivity.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5488
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Modeling the Regional Economic Impacts of the 2007/08 Drought: Results and Lessons AgEcon
Butcher, G.V; Ford, Stuart.
The 2007-08 drought affected a large area of New Zealand. This paper describes the analytical framework used to estimate the associated regional and national economic impacts. Results suggest that calculating drought economic impacts by applying standard farming industry multipliers to changes in farm gate output can greatly overstate both regional and national economic impacts. Calculating impacts using differences between forecast and actual farm production and expenditure by farm type is both feasible and produces far more reliable impact estimates.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Economic Impact; Drought; Modeling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97167
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Modélisation des contaminants chimiques dans une colonne d'eau. Modèle MOMO (MORGAN+MOCO). ArchiMer
Thouvenin, Benedicte; Gonzalez, Jean-louis.
Within the framework of the "Contaminants cycle and modeling" project of the BE department ("Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology") in Ifremer, two chemical contaminant modeling software were developed between 1998 and 2011 (Gonzalez JL, 2017): the MORGAN model (Model behavior of ORGANic contaminants in an aquatic environment) and the MOCO model (Surface Complexation MOdel for metallic COntaminants). These two models had been brought together in a single "zero-dimensional" software (known as MOMO), which made it possible to simulate the various processes affecting the behavior of chemical contaminants in a homogeneous mass of water (biodegradation, adsorption/desorption, photolysis, hydrolysis, volatilization, surface complexation, cation exchange,...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modelisation; Biogeochimie; Contaminants métalliques et organiques; Spéciation; Modeling; Biochemical; Trace metals - organic contaminants; Speciation.
Ano: 2021 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00686/79771/82993.pdf
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Modélisation des contaminants en milieu aquatique: Module MET&OR ArchiMer
Thouvenin, Benedicte.
The MET&OR module is a model, written in FORTRAN 90, which calculates the biogeochemical reactions between variables such as trace metal, radioactive tracers, organic or bacterial contaminants (biodegradation, decay, adsorption / desorption, photolysis, hydrolysis, volatilization, partition at equilibrium ..). It groups together classical reactions, described in the literature, to evaluate the source and sink terms which are integrated into the transport equations solved by a hydrodynamic model. It is intended more particularly for marine and coastal waters. This technical documentation aims to present the MET&OR module and the way in which it was coupled to the hydrodynamic model, in particular to MARS-3D.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modelisation; Biogéochimie; Contaminants métalliques; Organic contmainants; Contaminants bactériens; Modeling; Biogeochemical; Trace metals; Contaminants organiques; Bacterial contaminant.
Ano: 2021 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00688/79972/83002.pdf
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Modellierung von Betriebsentwicklung und Nachhaltigkeitszielen AgEcon
Zeddies, Jurgen.
In his numerous textbooks WILHELM BRANDES has laid the foundation for theoretically appropriate modeling of farm firms, which has recently been expanded to modeling sustainability goals. The published research results belong to the fields of economic, ecological, and social sustainability. Standard method for the analysis of economic sustainability is the gross margin calculation, for the given purpose extended by associated opportunity costs and/or by appropriately adding further associable branch specific costs. At an on-farm-basis the system has been developed to a management information system under sustainability goals which has been further developed to the new forms of precision agriculture by incorporating yield and soil nutrient mapping,...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Farm planning; Modeling; Sustainability goals; International competitiveness; Transform processes; Agro-environmental policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99003
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Modelo de balanço de nitrogênio para a cana-de-açúcar fase II - construção de modelo software STELLA. Infoteca-e
BERGAMASCO, A. F.; SILVA, F. C. da; RODRIGUES, L. H. A.; TRIVELIN, P. C. O..
A cultura da cana-de-açúcar vem sofrendo mudanças, de âmbitos tecnológicos e sociais, profundas nesta década, procurando se adaptar às demandas de produção com alta produtividade, competitividade e respeito ao meio ambiente. Apesar de o Brasil ser o maior produtor mundial de cana-de-açúcar, ainda pratica a queima da palha do canavial para facilitar a colheita, o que gera prejuízos econômicos, sociais e ambientais. Sem essa queima (Decreto n.° 42056 do Estado de SP), a cobertura do solo pela palhada irá provocar significativas mudanças no manejo da cultura e na dinâmica do nitrogênio. Dada a complexibilidade do ciclo de nitrogênio no solo, seus vários caminhos de transformação, e as variações climáticas, é difícil a determinação do melhor manejo do...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Cana-de-açucar; Adubação nitrogenda; Software ESTELLA; Modelagem matemática; Modeling; Sugar cane.; Modelo Matemático..
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/8690
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Models for estimating feed intake in small ruminants R. Bras. Zootec.
Pulina,Giuseppe; Avondo,Marcella; Molle,Giovanni; Francesconi,Ana Helena Dias; Atzori,Alberto Stanislao; Cannas,Antonello.
This review deals with the most relevant limits and developments of the modeling of intake of sheep and goats reared intensively and extensively. Because small ruminants are normally fed ad libitum, voluntary feed intake is crucial in feeding tactics and strategies aimed at optimal animal production. The effects of genetic, neuroendocrine, hormonal, feed and environmental factors on voluntary feed intake were discussed. Then, several mathematical models to estimate dry matter intake (DMI) were examined, with emphasis on empirical models for sheep and goats in intensive farm systems or in extensive areas under pasture or rangeland conditions. A sensitivity analysis of four models of prediction of DMI in housed lactating dairy sheep and meat sheep breeds was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dry matter intake; Feedlot; Goats; Grazing; Modeling; Sheep.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982013000900010
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Models for leaf area estimation in dwarf pigeon pea by leaf dimensions Bragantia
Pezzini,Rafael Vieira; Cargnelutti Filho,Alberto; Alves,Bruna Mendonça; Follmann,Diego Nicolau; Kleinpaul,Jéssica Andiara; Wartha,Cleiton Antonio; Silveira,Daniela Lixinski.
ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the most suitable model to estimate the leaf area of dwarf pigeon pea in function of the leaf central leaflet dimension. Six samplings of 200 leaves were performed in the first experiment, at 36, 42, 50, 56, 64, and 72 days after emergence (DAE). In the second experiment, seven samplings of 200 leaves were performed at 29, 36, 43, 49, 57, 65, and 70 DAE, totaling 2600 leaves. The length (L) and width (W) of the central leaflet were measured in all leaves composed by left, central, and right leaflets, the product of length times width (LW) was calculated, and the leaf area (Y – sum of left, central, and right leaflet areas) was determined by digital images. Linear, power, quadratic, and cubic models of Y as function of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp; Modeling; Non-destructive method.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052018000200221
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Models for the estimation of the physical quality of a Yellow Red Latosol (Oxisol) under pasture BABT
Ribon,Adriana Aparecida; Tavares Filho,João.
Models were developed considering the physical parameters penetration resistance (RP), bulk density (Ds), gravimetric moisture (U), clay content (Ag), sand content (Ar) and organic matter (MO) collected from a Yellow Red Latosol (Oxissol) medium texture under pasture from Rondonópolis county district, Mato Grosso State. Sampling was carried out in 34 fully randomized points in a 1 ha area to the depth of 0-20cm. The models were created using the Statistical Analysis System program (SAS) through which linear multiple regressions and correlations were made. Using the determination coefficient the following model was selected: RP=-12.134+0.004MO+7.6187Ds+0.131AG (R²=0.78). The evaluation of the organic matter and the soil clay content were important tools to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Modeling; Penetration resistance; Organic matter; Texture.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132004000100004
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Models of protein and amino acid requirements for cattle R. Bras. Zootec.
Tedeschi,Luis Orlindo; Fox,Danny Gene; Fonseca,Mozart Alves; Cavalcanti,Luigi Francis Lima.
Protein supply and requirements by ruminants have been studied for more than a century. These studies led to the accumulation of lots of scientific information about digestion and metabolism of protein by ruminants as well as the characterization of the dietary protein in order to maximize animal performance. During the 1980s and 1990s, when computers became more accessible and powerful, scientists began to conceptualize and develop mathematical nutrition models, and to program them into computers to assist with ration balancing and formulation for domesticated ruminants, specifically dairy and beef cattle. The most commonly known nutrition models developed during this period were the National Research Council (NRC) in the United States, Agricultural...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Modeling; Nutrition; Prediction; Ruminants; Simulation.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982015000300109
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